.\"	$NetBSD: rd.4,v 1.12 2009/04/12 16:43:05 wiz Exp $
.\"
.\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1991, 1993
.\"	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
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.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
.\" the Systems Programming Group of the University of Utah Computer
.\" Science Department.
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.\"    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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.\"     from: @(#)rd.4	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/9/93
.\"
.Dd June 9, 1993
.Dt RD 4 hp300
.Os
.Sh NAME
.Nm rd
.Nd
.Tn CS/80
disk interface
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.Cd "rd* at hpibbus? slave?"
.Sh DESCRIPTION
This is a generic
.Tn CS/80
disk driver.
Only a small number of possible
.Tn CS/80
drives are supported,
but others can easily be added by adding tables to the driver.
It is a typical block-device driver; see
.Xr physio 4 .
.Pp
The script
.Xr MAKEDEV 8
should be used to create the
.Nm rd
special files; consult
.Xr mknod 8
if a special file needs to be made manually.
.Sh DISK SUPPORT
The driver interrogates the controller
to determine the type of drive attached.
The driver recognizes the following drives:
7912, 7914, 7933, 7936, 7937, 7945,
.Tn 757A/B ,
.Tn 7958A/B ,
.Tn 7959B ,
7962, 7963, 9122, 9134, 7912, 7936,
and 9122,
not all of which have been tested.
Special file names begin with
.Sq Li rd
and
.Sq Li rrd
for the block and character files respectively.
The second component of the name, a drive unit number in the range
of zero to seven, is represented by a
.Sq Li \&?
in the disk layouts below.
The last component of the name is the file system partition and is
designated by a letter from
.Sq Li a
to
.Sq Li h
which also corresponds to a minor device number sets: zero to seven,
eight to 15, 16 to 23 and so forth for drive zero, drive two and drive
three respectively
(see
.Xr physio 4 ) .
The location and size (in sectors) of the
partitions for these drives:
.Bl -hang
.It Tn 7945/7946 No partitions :
.Bl -column diskx undefined length "xxx-yyyy" -compact
.It Sy disk	start	length	cyls
.It rd?a	112	15904	1-142
.It rd?b	16016	20160	143-322
.It rd?c	0	108416	0-967
.It rd?d	16016	40320	143-502
.It rd?e	undefined Ta "" Ta ""
.It rd?f	undefined Ta "" Ta ""
.It rd?g	36176	72240	323-967
.It rd?h	56336	52080	503-967
.El
.It Tn 9134D No partitions :
.Bl -column diskx undefined length "xxx-yyyy" -compact
.It Sy disk	start	length	cyls
.It rd?a	96	15936	1-166
.It rd?b	16032	13056	167-302
.It rd?c	0	29088	0-302
.It rd?d	undefined Ta "" Ta ""
.It rd?e	undefined Ta "" Ta ""
.It rd?f	undefined Ta "" Ta ""
.It rd?g	undefined Ta "" Ta ""
.It rd?h	undefined Ta "" Ta ""
.El
.It Tn 9122S No partitions :
.Bl -column diskx undefined length "xxx-yyyy" -compact
.It Sy disk	start	length	cyls
.It rd?a	undefined Ta "" Ta ""
.It rd?b	undefined Ta "" Ta ""
.It rd?c	0	1232	0-76
.It rd?d	undefined Ta "" Ta ""
.It rd?e	undefined Ta "" Ta ""
.It rd?f	undefined Ta "" Ta ""
.It rd?g	undefined Ta "" Ta ""
.It rd?h	undefined Ta "" Ta ""
.El
.It Tn 7912P No partitions :
.Bl -column diskx undefined length "xxx-yyyy" -compact
.It Sy disk	start	length	cyls
.It rd?a	0	15904	0-70
.It rd?b	16128	22400	72-171
.It rd?c	0	128128	0-571
.It rd?d	16128	42560	72-261
.It rd?e	undefined Ta "" Ta ""
.It rd?f	undefined Ta "" Ta ""
.It rd?g	38528	89600	172-571
.It rd?h	58688	69440	262-571
.El
.It Tn 7914CT/P No partitions :
.Bl -column diskx undefined length "xxx-yyyy" -compact
.It Sy disk	start	length	cyls
.It rd?a	224	15904	1-71
.It rd?b	16128	40320	72-251
.It rd?c	0	258048	0-1151
.It rd?d	16128	64960	72-361
.It rd?e	81088	98560	362-801
.It rd?f	179648	78400	802-1151
.It rd?g	56448	201600	252-1151
.It rd?h	81088	176960	362-1151
.El
.It Tn 7958A No partitions :
.Bl -column diskx undefined length "xxx-yyyy" -compact
.It Sy disk	start	length	cyls
.It rd?a	252	16128	1-64
.It rd?b	16380	32256	65-192
.It rd?c	0	255276	0-1012
.It rd?d	16380	48384	65-256
.It rd?e	64764	100800	257-656
.It rd?f	165564	89712	657-1012
.It rd?g	48636	206640	193-1012
.It rd?h	64764	190512	257-1012
.El
.It Tn 7957A No partitions :
.Bl -column diskx undefined length "xxx-yyyy" -compact
.It Sy disk	start	length	cyls
.It rd?a	154	16016	1-104
.It rd?b	16170	24640	105-264
.It rd?c	0	159544	0-1035
.It rd?d	16170	42350	105-379
.It rd?e	58520	54824	380-735
.It rd?f	113344	46200	736-1035
.It rd?g	40810	118734	265-1035
.It rd?h	58520	101024	380-1035
.El
.It Tn 7933H No partitions :
.Bl -column diskx undefined length "xxx-yyyy" -compact
.It Sy disk	start	length	cyls
.It rd?a	598	16146	1-27
.It rd?b	16744	66976	28-139
.It rd?c	0	789958	0-1320
.It rd?d	83720	16146	140-166
.It rd?e	99866	165646	167-443
.It rd?f	265512	165646	444-720
.It rd?g	83720	706238	140-1320
.It rd?h	431158	358800	721-1320
.El
.It Tn 9134L No partitions :
.Bl -column diskx undefined length "xxx-yyyy" -compact
.It Sy disk	start	length	cyls
.It rd?a	80	15920	1-199
.It rd?b	16000	20000	200-449
.It rd?c	0	77840	0-972
.It rd?d	16000	32000	200-599
.It rd?e	undefined Ta "" Ta ""
.It rd?f	undefined Ta "" Ta ""
.It rd?g	36000	41840	450-972
.It rd?h	48000	29840	600-972
.El
.It Tn 7936H No partitions :
.Bl -column diskx undefined length "xxx-yyyy" -compact
.It Sy disk	start	length	cyls
.It rd?a	861	16359	1-19
.It rd?b	17220	67158	20-97
.It rd?c	0	600978	0-697
.It rd?d	84378	16359	98-116
.It rd?e	100737	120540	117-256
.It rd?f	220416	120540	256-395
.It rd?g	84378	516600	98-697
.It rd?h	341817	259161	397-697
.El
.It Tn 7937H No partitions :
.Bl -column diskx undefined length "xxx-yyyy" -compact
.It Sy disk	start	length	cyls
.It rd?a	1599	15990	1-10
.It rd?b	17589	67158	11-52
.It rd?c	0	1116102	0-697
.It rd?d	84747	15990	53-62
.It rd?e	100737	246246	63-216
.It rd?f	346983	246246	217-370
.It rd?g	84747	1031355	53-697
.It rd?h	593229	522873	371-697
.El
.It Tn 7957B/7961B No partitions :
.Bl -column diskx undefined length "xxx-yyyy" -compact
.It Sy disk	start	length	cyls
.It rd?a	126	16002	1-127
.It rd?b	16128	32760	128-387
.It rd?c	0	159894	0-1268
.It rd?d	16128	49140	128-517
.It rd?e	65268	50400	518-917
.It rd?f	115668	44226	918-1268
.It rd?g	48888	111006	388-1268
.It rd?h	65268	94626	518-1268
.El
.It Tn 7958B/7962B No partitions :
.Bl -column diskx undefined length "xxx-yyyy" -compact
.It Sy disk	start	length	cyls
.It rd?a	378	16254	1-43
.It rd?b	16632	32886	44-130
.It rd?c	0	297108	0-785
.It rd?d	16632	49140	44-173
.It rd?e	65772	121716	174-495
.It rd?f	187488	109620	496-785
.It rd?g	49518	247590	131-785
.It rd?h	65772	231336	174-785
.El
.It Tn 7959B/7963B No partitions :
.Bl -column diskx undefined length "xxx-yyyy" -compact
.It Sy disk	start	length	cyls
.It rd?a	378	16254	1-43
.It rd?b	16632	49140	44-173
.It rd?c	0	594216	0-1571
.It rd?d	16632	65772	44-217
.It rd?e	82404	303912	218-1021
.It rd?f	386316	207900	1022-1571
.It rd?g	65772	528444	174-1571
.It rd?h	82404	511812	218-1571
.El
.El
.Pp
The eight partitions as given support four basic, non-overlapping layouts,
though not all partitions exist on all drive types.
.Pp
In the first layout there are three partitions and a ``bootblock'' area.
The bootblock area is at the beginning of the disk and holds
the standalone disk boot program.
The
.Pa rd?a
partition is for the root file system,
.Pa rd?b
is a paging/swapping area, and
.Pa rd?g
is for everything else.
.Pp
The second layout is the same idea,
but has a larger paging/swapping partition
.Pq Pa rd?d
and
a smaller ``everything else'' partition
.Pq Pa rd?h .
This layout is better for environments which run many large processes.
.Pp
The third layout is a variation of the second,
but breaks the
.Pa rd?h
partition into two partitions,
.Pa rd?e
and
.Pa rd?f .
.Pp
The final layout is intended for a large, single file system second disk.
It is also used when writing out the boot program since it is the only
partition mapping the bootblock area.
.Sh FILES
.Bl -tag -width /dev/rrd[0-7][a-h] -compact
.It Pa /dev/rd[0-7][a-h]
block files
.It Pa /dev/rrd[0-7][a-h]
raw files
.El
.Sh DIAGNOSTICS
.Bl -diag
.It "rd%d err: v%d u%d, R0x%x F0x%x A0x%x I0x%x, block %d"
An unrecoverable data error occurred during transfer of the
specified block on the specified disk.
.El
.Sh BUGS
The current disk partitioning is totally bogus.
.Tn CS/80
drives have 256 byte sectors which are mapped to 512 byte
``sectors'' by the driver.
Since some
.Tn CS/80
drives have an odd number of sectors per cylinder,
the disk geometry used is not always accurate.
.Pp
The partition tables for the file systems should be read off of each pack,
as they are never quite what any single installation would prefer,
and this would make packs more portable.
.Pp
A program to analyze the logged error information (even in its
present reduced form) is needed.